Describe How Two Businesses Are Organised

Describe how two businesses are organised (P3) I am going to conference ab bulge two placements and how they operate. The organisations I am going to talk about are McDonalds and Chester menagerie. McDonalds is a fast food restaurant and its purpose is to provide the shell and fastest guest service so in this way it will give the organisation a good reputation and avail them to accomplish more(prenominal) pelf. pic This shows how stuff track down in McDonalds.If there would be a problem with customers for simulation, then the assistant bus would take care of this but if there would be something more serious then the business manager will reach to take care of it because he is the top head of managing. This also shows how the organisation is organised and how everyone is on the top of the chart and also at the bottom. Chester Zoo is a zoo organisation with loads of attractions for children. Its purpose is to keep their customers happy and also help others because Chester Zoo is also a charity and most of its profit goes to charity to help other people.This is one of the organisation charts for Chester Zoo. This organisation chart shows how the herpetology team work at Chester Zoo. For example the herpetology team manager is on top andeveryone below spread abroad to him. For example if there was a problem with something to do with the herpetology keepers then they would report it to the herpetology lead keeper who would then report it to the herpetology team manager. Types of organisational structures There are four personas of organisational structures which are useable Geographic Product Type of customer Functional Functional structures arrange departments according to what goes on within each department. An example of this structure would be Sandwell College where the lecturers are in their own departments, the receptionists and secretaries would be in the brass department or office and the library and IT staff would be in support service s. Geographic Geographic structures are mostly about the size of the organisation and where it operates.This could be where there are teams of people operating in different locations like in different towns, cities or countries, so it would be very rough to organise the business simply by its functions. By product By-product organisational structures offer a range of products or services and these can dictate its structure. For example a supermarket could be organised into the following functional areas Fruit and veg Cookedmeats Tinned goods Clothing Frozen goods By type of customer By type of customer organisational structures excite both consumers as customers and also bring in other businesses as customers.This can be referred to as B2C (business to consumer) and B2B (business to business). Hierarchical structure A hierarchical structure consists of multiple directs. This means that the chain of command would look like a pyramid with a large base of workers who are s upervised by the level above them which continues to the top ranking officer such as the CEO or company president. Flat structure A flat structure has fewer levels of management between the executive level and the front-line employees. The purpose of a flat structure is to empower employees by making them a larger part of the conclusiveness making process in a business.It is designed to make employees more productive. It also allows for more rapid change and problem resolution as the parley occurs more easily between the upper managers and baseline employees. Matrix structure A matrix structure is a type of management system in which workers report to more than just one person, effectively having two or more supervisors at the same time. For example professionals with different types of expertise are brought unneurotic to work on a project. They report to a number of managers of different projects as well as to a functional supervisor.McDonalds and Chester Zoo both submit a h ierarchical structure because they urinate multiple levels and they both have a CEO or company president that everyone reports to. continue of control Span of control is the number of people that one individual is responsible for in an organisation. The wider the span of control is then the greater the number of whom the individual is responsible. A manager who is responsible for too many people may be so overworked that their staff in turn may not be able to act their duties effectively.Functional Areas The functional areas are the specialist areas of activity within an organisation. These include Finance Marketing Production Customer service Sales Human resources Finance The finance department functions include keeping records of financial activity for example the sales made by the business and providing managers with information that they can use in close making for example cost of making products. For McDonalds the finance department would have to keep track of how many sales they make per day and what kind of repast or burger makes the most money.For Chester Zoo the finance department would have to do the same which is keeping records of how many sales they make per day and how much profit they make. Marketing The marketing function is responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements. The marketing function have to carry out market research to find out which types of customers make up a particular market for example what they want, where they want it, how they like it and at what price. The marketers will have an important say in decision making The products the company produces The prices charged Promotions designed to encourage the customers Place wheregoods are sold For example at McDonalds the marketers would decide on what type of Mcflurrys they would sell to customers and at Chester Zoo the marketers will decide on what price they will sell their tickets for people to come and visit Chester Zoo Product ion The issue function organises who makes the goods and how and when they are made. The production manager of a company is responsible for making sure raw materials are processed into finished goods.At McDonalds the production function will have to make sure that the burgers and chips are made in good quality and at Chester Zoo the production team have to make sure that the food they contribute to the animals are just right for them to eat. Customer service Customer service is concerned with looking after customers at all stages of their relationship with a company. They have to provide customers with details about offers, make sure the customers are listened to and valued and attending to customer complaints, providing after sales service such as service of process of goods, spare parts or information about new products.At Chester Zoo the customer service people will have to deal with complaints and will have to tell people who visit about offers they may not know about. Sale s The sales function is responsible for getting customers to buy what the company produces. The sales department works closely with the marketing department. The main responsibility of the sales department is to create orders for goods and services. For example at McDonalds the sales team will have to try and sell as much food as they can to the customers so they can make a profit. At Chester Zoo they will have to do the same thing by selling Chester Zoo merchandise.Human resources Human resource managers are responsible for all aspects of people management in an organisation. The type of work covered in the human resource function might include a policy-making subprogram, welfare role, supportive role, bargaining and negotiating role, administrative role and educational and development role. At Chester Zoo the human resources will have to do an educational and development role because when they have new employees they will wish to train them. This goes for the same at McDonalds , where they will have to train their employees.

Unit 6 p7 Health and Social Care

P7- Describe the roles, responsibilities and condole wither pathways of 3 wellness or kindly car achievementers. Social prole Social exerti nonpareilrs form relationships with people and assist them to live more successfully within their local communities by helping them find solutions to their problems. Social hunt involves engaging not plainly with clients themselves but their families and friends as well as working closely with other organisations including the police, local authority departments, schools and the probation service.Social work house be a stressful assister, you read to be well organised as on that point is a significant aim of administrative work and time management skills ar crucial. A amicable worker is expected to assess, review and maintain records of specific cases, all within certain timeframes whilst achieving set standards of c are and providing service users and their families with the help they need. The role and duties of a well-disposed w orker are broad and varied, but more often than not they hold the provision of guidance and support, with a main focus on allowing the service user to at long last support themselves as much as possible.Similar article Unit 4 M1A amicable worker has a specific role and must register with the Social concern Council in order to work as a social worker. Social workers to a fault have to show that they have undertaken the required grooming and development. There are some tasks that only a registered social worker employed by a local authority may undertake. These include Undertaking child protection investigations. Undertaking initial, core, foster and betrothal assessments. Developing and driving the Child Protection (or CIN) plan. Initiating legal proceedings to apply for a range of orders including admitting children to the care system and placing them for adoption.There are various routes to becoming a social worker, but you will need to descend a professional qualification in social work (usually at degree level) either on a full-time or part-time basis. This is offered at undergraduate and postgraduate masters level. It is also possible to take a degree course combining social work with mental health or learning disability nursing. To become a social worker, you will need a social work degree. The degree course takes 3 years to complete in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and 4 years in Scotland.Before being accepted onto a social work degree course, you will need to question that you understand what social work is about and have had some kind of feel in social work or social care. Your previous experience could be paid work experience in a related field such as a carer or it could be voluntary experience within a care or social work setting. It will help you to assess your aver strengths and weaknesses, as well as providing an understanding of just what sort of work is involved in a career as a social worker.Demand for social work degree pla ces is extremely high so the better your grades and the quality of your relevant experience, the more chance you will have of gaining a place. To get a place on a social work degree course in England you will need A lower limit of 5 GCSEs at grade A* to C two of these MUST be English and Maths You will also need a minimum of 2 A levels At some universities this requirement can be higher. You will need to check the requirements at the university of your choice.Middlesex university, London main course to the MA Social Work degree at Middlesex University requires a higher second class recognize degree or above (i. e. 21 or above). Ability to pass written and numeracy tests at GCSE grade C level (tested as part of the selection process). The university of Northampton Applicants must have grade C GCSE mathematics and grade C English or equivalent. A typical offer would be 260-300 UCAS tax points. National Salary Data National Salary Data Salary? 19,196 ? 32,666 bounty? 0. 00 ? 3,0 13 Total deliver ? 19,166 ? 37,005The mediocre salary for a Social Worker in the UK is ? 29,074 Midwife Midwives often describe their chisel as privileged. The role they have in preparing women for the delivery of new life makes them a vital movement during all stages of pregnancy, fag and the early postnatal period. The role is demanding and carries plenty of responsibility. More midwives now work in the community, providing services in womens homes, local clinics, childrens centres and GP surgeries. There also plenty of opportunities for midwives to work on antenatal, labour and postnatal wards and neonatal units.There are currently no national minimum academic ledger entry requirements for entry into midwifery courses. As a consequence, each higher education institution (HEI) running courses sets its own criteria. alone applicants must be able to demonstrate evidence of literacy and numeracy. For numeracy this includes evidence of ability to Accurately manipulate poesy a s applied to volume, weight, and length, (including, addition, subtraction, division, multiplication, use of decimals, fractions, and percentages) to include using a calculator.For literacy this includes evidence of ability to Read and understand (in English or Welsh) and to communicate clearly and effectively in writing to include using a word processor. For entry onto a pre-registration degree programme in midwifery, you will need a minimum of five GCSEs at grade C or above (typically including English language or publications and a science subject), plus two A levels or equivalent (although in practice, you are more belike to need three A levels or equivalent). Universities require (Birmingham city university) GCE A/A2 level 00 UCAS tariff points from a level best of three A/A2 level passes which must include one of Psychology, Sociology, Biology, Health and Social Care or Human Biology at Grade C or above. A typical offer would be ABC. BTEC Extended Diploma in Health and Soc ial Care Minimum Grade DDD required. GCE AS/A1 level Two subjects accepted with two GCE A/A2 Levels which must include one of Psychology, Sociology, Biology, Health and Social Care or Human Biology at Grade C or above. Must achieve a minimum of 300 tariff points. GCE/AVCE Double set apart in Health and Social CareGCE/AVCE Double Award with remaining UCAS tariff points from a maximum of one GCE A/A2 Level. The minimum starting salary for newly qualified midwives in the NHS is ? 21,176 at Band 5. Midwives usually progress to Band 6, which starts at ? 25,258, after a minimum of 12 months and a maximum of 24. Subject to attainment within the NHS Career Framework salaries can rise to ? 34,189. The range of typical salaries at senior level, e. g. those managing a team, research or teaching activities, or with specialist knowledge is ? 30,460 ? 40,157. physiotherapistPhysiotherapists help and treat people of all ages with physical problems causes by illness, cerebrovascular accident a nd ageing. Physiotherapy is healthcare profession which sees human movement as central to the health and well-being of individuals. Physiotherapist help and treat people of all ages with physical problems caused by illness, accident or ageing. Physiotherapy is a healthcare profession which sees human movement as central to the health and well-being of individuals. Physiotherapists identify and maximise movement potential through health promotion, preventive healthcare, treatment and rehabilitation.The core skills used by physiotherapists include manual therapy, therapeutic exercise. Physiotherapists also have an appreciation of psychological, cultural and social factors which influence their clients. Many physiotherapists work within hospitals. Here they are needed in virtually every department, from general out-patients to intensive care, where around-the-clock chest physiotherapy can be vital to keep unconscious patients breathing. The minimum entry requirements are the same for all degree courses, but due to completion for places, it means that conditional offer for places are set higher than minimum. oure required to have 5 GCSEs at grades A-C, which should include maths twain English language and literature and a selection of science subjects, and 3 A-levels at grade A-C, which one them should be biological science. National Salary Data National Salary Data Salary? 18,358 ? 40,716 Bonus? 0. 00 ? 2,936 Total Pay ? 18,774 ? 46,724 In 2008, the average salary for this job was ? 27,000. The average salary in 2009 was ? 25,257, The average salary in 2010 was ? 48,743 The average salary in 2011 was ? 28,506

Business Proposal for Mcdonalds Essay

McDonalds has always been a company that sh bes in the happiness of a child. belatedly after taking my own children to McDonalds, I have found that there is not a eat choice for children. McDonalds should add a happy meal option to the breakfast menu. Current demands by consumers ar to add a happy meal option allowing parents to purchase child sized portions of breakfast items. This option could servicing McDonalds to increase meshworks by attracting more consumers. Shareholder reports show a quarterly bills dividend per share increase of 15% and annual dividend of $2.80 per share. Comparable gross sales grew 5.6%.Cash by operations increase $808 million to $7.2 billion. Return to shareholders $6.0 billion (McDonalds.com, 2012). duck soup of demand and the commercialize structure for the companys ripe or service. * Profit-maximizing quantity is figured by determining the resilientity of the product. * By dividing the win over in quantity exchange by the corresponding cha nge in price, you get a coefficient that tells you how elastic or inelastic your product is with coefficients between zero and peerless be inelastic and coefficients greater than one being elastic. * The gingersnap of this particular product is determined by the individual instead of the population. Considering this fact, fast food is considered an elastic good. An elastic good is more of a luxury, and fast-food is not a requirement to survive.* An elastic good, the price must(prenominal) be set at a reasonably low level to increase the revenue. * McDonalds sess intent the formula of marginal cost = marginal revenue to determine its pricing. subscribe is elastic when it is easily affect by the raising or lowering in the price of a product or service. * When McDonalds raises its prices, sales pass on decrease. Decreasing prices, McDonalds willing see an increase in sales. * McDonalds has such a competitive market. To extend ahead of competitors, they have a lower price al ternative from competitors. thitherfore, pricing must be give a great deal of weight in your marketing strategy because another(prenominal) conditions exist.* The degree of elasticity will tell McDonalds how much they can raise prices before sales start to decline. Not everyone can afford to eat out all the time and people who do go out for breakfast are usually going to work or dropping children off at school. * Calculation Elasticity of Adding Happy Meal (Q2-Q1/Q1) Q1 20 Q2 23 total quantity demand increase total 15%. (P2-P1/P1) P1 $6 P2 $3 total price decreased by 5%. Divide percent change in quantity by price 15% divided by 5% = 3% elasticity. callers Strategies to Increase Revenue* Exploring the competition to see what the others are doing in terms of fast-food breakfasts and children. * Customer counsel strategies to see what other customers want in the childrens breakfast meals. This can be done through and through questionnaires and feedback surveys both in and out o f the store. * Using proper training methods to ensure quality service to customers. * straitlaced introduction in promoting the new breakfast will ensure customers know about the new product. restore the Economic Theory and Show How You Can suss out the Profit-Maximizing Quantity. * Economic opening is a theory of commercial activities (such as the production and consumption of goods), (McConnell, Brue, & Flynn, 2009).* Determining the profit-maximizing quantity requires and understanding the economic fancy of marginal analysis. marginal analysis is the study of incremental changes in profit. The quantity that maximizes profit is where marginal profit shifts from positive to negative (eHow.com, 2013). How Could You Use the Concepts of Marginal Costs and Marginal Revenue to Maximize Profits? What info Do You Need to Determine This? Without This Information, How Would You Make a Decision? * Determine the profit at all(prenominal) level of sales. As sales increase, account for labor costs, quantity discounts, increased shortage (loss, theft and breakage) and other variable costs. * Determine the marginal profit at each incremental increase in sales. Marginal profit is defined as the change in profit for each additional unit sold.* Determine the profit maximizing quantity. This is the point before marginal profit becomes negative. Why? It is likely that the more items sold, the high variable costs are. Variable costs include labor, commissions, raw materials and shortage. In addition, when large quantities are sold to one party, a quantity discount is often given, resulting in lower per-unit revenue. * Determine where expenses could be change magnitude and revenue could be increased to optimize sales. Marginal analysis is not static (eHow.com, 2013). * $350 = $150, $370 = 250, $390 = $550, $3110 = $500 -50 negative marginal profit. * Without this information, you are taking a guess on the decision causing potential risk. Pricing and Non-Pricing Strategie s* Price is one of the essential elements of the four Ps of marketing, which include price, promotion, place and product. * query should be conducted in a number of areas including the customer market, competition and the life cycle of the product. * By examining each of these areas, McDonalds can develop a pricing strategy for its products and services. * McDonalds must find a way to attract their customers. The childrens portions will be smaller than regular portion so the price will be less. * The non-pricing strategy will be the new menu marketing options. Using childrens television and radio stations will armed service in this strategy. What Are the Barriers to access For Your Chosen Product? Can You Create or Increase Barriers to Entry? If so, how?* Entry barriers are the result of competitive behavior by existing businesses within the marketplace. There is no limit to the barriers a particular business may face (eHow.com, 2013). * Barriers are McDonalds competitors of the same market and right now the competition of a fast-food breakfast kids meal option is non-existent among the competition. * fit to the current economic state of our country, credit borrowing from lenders will not be needed. * Costs of supplies will not be a barrier because the items are already a part of McDonalds menu. Demand by customers will increase or decrease cost supplies during the implementation stages.* McDonalds internal countries will also help to increase profits. * Choosing long-term goals for competitors following McDonalds will eventually cause competition barriers. consonant analysis of current market conditions will help McDonalds to continue a profit growth. Are There Other Ways to Minimize Costs for the Company or Product? * Analyze labor costs. pass flexible work schedules, recognition, additional benefits and ongoing training can help retain employees. * Reduce furnish costs. Supplies have two major categoriesproduct materials and office supplies. Check t riune sources to ensure lowest cost. Research the use of the supplies. * Reduce operating expenses. Review electricity expense. Ideas such as this can have multiple benefits, including boosting employee retention, saving on utilities. (eHow.com, 2013). ConclusionThe above business proposal outline will help in defining what McDonalds would do when implementing the idea of adding a childs happy meal to its menu. This proposal would help in achieving McDonalds goals of quality food and customer service.

Case Study Sergeant Robert Christopher Essay

This report allow for be ab aside a case vignette about Robert Christopher. He is a new executive program on the night shift. He is having problems with the officeholder want and communication. This report pull up stakes include information on how he arse wait on to improve the officers motivation and the communication between him as the SGT. and the officers that he hold outs with. At the end of this report, you will interpret what he did to swear out the officer to get motivated and to devour beater communication. Sergeant rip off should approach the problem of officer motivation by.Would, approach the problem of motivating buy going out and work with all the officers at least once every two weeks and work there beats with them and see what they go throw and help them and tray and make their job a little easier. It will also help with the communication with the officers and if they will be able to tack to you a little more because they realise that you create been t hrow what they have. They focal point Sergeant welsh should go about determining the basic need drives of apiece officer is. That he needs to take some time to talk to them and see how the Sergeant Welsh can help with their basic need drives for the officer.The first thing that SGT. Walsh should do as a supervisor it that he needs meet the every officer that is under his command and introduce himself and get to know the officers that he will be on the job(p) with. A nonher than that he also should see if they have whatsoever concerns that they what to tell me so he can address them. The way that Sgt. Walsh should deal with the fact that while you have more experience, you have less formal education then the officers that you are working over. Let them not that he will do the best that he can and that it is not about what experience or how much education you have it is about who can do the job best. SGT.Walsh can also hold going prat to college. If he das go back this will sho w the officers that he is working with that he is trying to be the best Supervisor he can. In addition, you are never in any case young or to olds to learn new stuff that will help you out in the study that you are working in and you are never too old to learn new stuff. It will show his officers that he is trying to learn what he can do so he can do the job to the best that he can. SGT. Walsh should interview each officer within the first calendar month after he gets his new assignment. The interview with each officer will be a unafraid then the officers will now that I can do the job.Therefore, he can get to know me and I can get to know them and how they do their job and he can find out what they expect of me and they can find out what SGT. Walsh will expect of them this will be d bingle on a one on one basis. The topics that SGT. Walsh should discuss with each officer on a one on one with each officer is what you think that we can do as a tem to help out in the community that you are working in to help people that live there. The way SGT. Walsh should make this work place meaningful to the officers he will make it fun for them to come back and work and that they will be able to do their best at what they do.

Foundations of Leadership

This paper examines bunss of loss whizzing and the berth behavior plays in dealer. Behavior defines a persons ability to progress and form active and powerful relationships inwardly the organisational social system. Behavior wreaks how a drawing card impart sustain communication to their squad members and defines their strategy for leadinghip. This influences their ability to motivate, build powerful teams and adjust to organisational conflict and change. One role model of telling lead would Bill Clinton.This paper tinctures at not still organisational examples of loss leading besides too the political role model of president to support in defining knowledge fitnesss for leadership. This paper examines how proactive leadership prat be applied to the organizational structure and outcomes or implications result. In to twenty-four hourss contrast origination, it is of the essence(predicate) to orchestrate how change agents influence the belong atplace a nd how leaders address such issues. In todays marketplace, the pressure to succeed is intense. Never before has a comp whatevers efficiency and profitability been so closely paced and studied.Without powerful, active leadership and a well-tuned team in place to motivate and encourage teamwork, a company is doomed to fail. This paper go forth explore key elements that build a foundation for leadership. See, some generation what is not completely understood is that leadership involves so many an other(prenominal) attributes found in a person. Two main attributes discussed in this paper is the ability to in effect communicate and display frantic intelligence. This brings into focus other skills needful to manage the day to day conflict and corporate environs of todays ever-changing business world.Not single is leadership a key to success and a reflection of the organizations heathen values but it is free radical of skills needed. These skills include argonas of expertise suc h as communication, motivation, and team building skills. In locate for an organization to carry on success, it moldiness(prenominal) turn to role models in the community for inspiration. quite these role models be founder within the farming is of the essence(predicate) but inherently, battalion will look just about them to leadership already within the framework. This means looking to Ameri rout out culture for such leadership models.It fire be continuously debated rather or not the most important leader in the world is effective. This person go alongs under tremendous scrutiny and accountability. The President of the United States essential lead by example and be active in their leadership but one aspect of leadership that must be understood is that people atomic number 18 gracious and they err in the forgiving way, nor are they perfect. As a role model, this paper will not moreover look at organizational examples of effective leadership skills but to a fault exam ine the leadership of Bill Clinton. A key to the foundation for leadership is effective communication and ones ability to behave intelligently.It can be easy to confuse the deuce c at a timepts of management and leadership on an organizational level. George S. Odiorne (1987) writes, one of the more popular definitions of management is that it consists of getting results with other people (p. 13). In todays company, the role of management alike involves leadership within a team structure. Managers have the responsibility to set goals, maintain moral, aid in preparation and communicating corporate objectives. A wide-cut leader provides vision and clarity for the employee. Such a leader will be fitted to communicate and piddle a rapport with their team.This connection begins at a fundamental level of serviceman sociology where the use of romance is central. Howard Gardner (1995) reflects, the ultimate impact of the leader depends most significantly on the particular story that he or she relates or embodies, and the receptions to that story on the part of the audiences (p. 14). By telling stories, allows for a accepted level of openness or vulnerability on the part of the leader and makes them human. By opening the nervous strain of communication, gives the employee knowledge of their environment and develops trust.The leaders role is to sell the idea of commitment within a culture. Odiorne (1987) suggests, if employees know what is expected, and what serve and resources are avail adapted, they can then be relied upon to govern their actions to achieve the commitments they have made (p. 138). This sets the stage for goals and achieving postgraduate gear performance. The culture in turn feeds off this energy and excitement. in that respect are three reasons why leaders are important. First they are responsible for the effectiveness of organizations. Second, the change and upheaval of past years has left wing us with no place to hide.We need anchors i n our lives as a guiding purpose. Third, in that respect is a national concern about integrity of our institutions. Being mindful of have context is uncontrollable for us. (p. 15-16) Managers with a keen understanding of leading represent these three key attributes and create a foundation from which to act. A leader must in like manner display curiosity and have the guts to be daring. They must be a dominant force within the team. Bennis (1989) reflects, there are two kinds of people those who are deactivate by fear, and those who are afraid but go ahead away. Life is not about limit but options (p. 185).In the book Primal Leadership, authors David Goleman, Richard Boyatzis, and Annie McKee (2001) present their explore on leadership styles within the organizational structure. The research discusses the relationship that these executives have with their emotional intelligence. randy intelligence is the turn over of emotions and their impact upon the work environment. The re search investigates the contrasting leadership styles evident in most organizations today. Mainly, leaders are categorized as each having the visionary, coaching, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting, or commanding leadership styles.Emotional Intelligence relies upon the fact the leader will be able to have a competent level of interaction with the employee by changing leadership styles and adapting to each ludicrous situation throughout the time at work. It reflects successful leadership by allowing for complex relationships for team members by recognizing relationship building, capacity of visions and personal development. Emotional Intelligence for a leader means being able to read people, be read and allow for open dialogue or communication.Research stresses the importance of the leaders flexibility and capability to adapt to his or her environment. An effective leader will understand not only their environment and people but in any case understand the potential for impact upon that environment. By understanding this key element, an effective leader will know how to define the environment. This is important because employees look to management for guidance. The leader defines the boundaries for the team and creates an asynchronous transfer mode for building relationships and open communication. This in turn creates stronger teams.Any time people are brought together, behavior twain positive and negative can occur. According to the American Heritage College Dictionary (1997), behavior is the manner in which one behaves or the actions or reactions of persons or things in response to external or internal stimuli. Upon set ahead investigating the verb form alike in the American Heritage College Dictionary, the word behave means to conduct (oneself) in a specified way or to act (p. 123). It is human nature to behave in a certain manner while existing in society. Over a period of time, we react other than to events that happen.How we respond to those e vents is essentially our behavior. How we communicate with one another is how we express behavior. organizational Behavior focuses on the study of behavior within the organizational construct. This field of study concentrates on how an individual, group and structure affects the behavior within the organization. Therefore, this has direct bearing on communication as information is vital to learning within the organization. It is important for an organization to learn from its mistakes as this information enhances the organizations performance.This information when communicated can bring about change and ontogenesis within the organizations functions and policies. Motivation can be a complex issue for a leader to communicate when managing a team of polar personalities. One key to success is having an understanding of people and the many different things that motivate people, influencing their behaviors while performing a task therefore, influencing communication. A good leader wil l work to understand what motivates each individual on the team in an effort to improve communications. Still this brings up the issue of ask and how to get them met by the situation.Maslows Theory of Needs, suggests that individuals have a range of needs and will be motivated to fulfill whichever is the greatest need at that moment in time. In this construct, there are lower- rig and higher(prenominal)(prenominal)- read needs. The lower-order needs are dominant until they are at least partially satisfied. Maslow predicted a design person will turn their attention to higher-order needs once the lower ones were taken care of (Motivation 2005, par. 3). Lower-order needs include items like making a living for food and shelter while higher-order needs are more in tune with personality such as esteem and worth.A team leader will understand how his or her team members perceive themselves within the team and what needs are important to each member. This will aid the leader in knowing how to approach each individual and how to efficaciously discuss the every day team happenings. By understanding motivation, a leader can as well understand which methods of communication work best for each employee. In this way, the leader can adapt his or her tone and body language to better convey the point. By knowing what motivates people, the leader can effectively communicate incentives to the team to boost their morale.This will lead to them offering the team ways to make work interesting and challenging while encouraging members to take ownership of tasks. This encourages the pursuit of goals. Once an employee is acknowledged, a higher level of pride and respect is achieved. This inspires them to take advantage of overbold learning opportunities and lead within the team. It is also important for the leader to give regular praise and positive feedback when the standard of work is high. On the other hand, it is also important for the leader to offer support during times of st ruggle and conflict in order to decrease the influence of stress.For managers who actively keep and open dialogue are putting their people first. They are more focused on nurturing and training. Research suggests leaders are more interested in mentoring and training their team rather than focusing on output of numbers or turn around time. This once a happen upon acts a mini-strategy to manage communication within the team. This development in team building allows for providing people opportunities to learn from their work rather than pickings them away from their work to learn (Hughes, 2004, p. 4). A healthy culture inspires options and the innovations that grow out of creativity.Another issue when creating an intimate team experience is building trust. In an example, the due south African Breweries, plc or SAB found itself needing to create trust in a post Apartheid era where racialism was still very much causing conflict and lack of communication among workers. As part of go thr oughing an incorporate management process, the organization carried out workshops to target its 6,000 employees. These workshops encouraged open discussion about South Africas past, Apartheids influence and how shared values increased a sense of workplace community (Supporting workplace learning for high performance working, p. ).The President of the United States has a tremendous pressure on his shoulders as he represents our domain to the world. The President can be considered the most powerful man in the world. Is he a good leader, effective in his communication, motivation, team orientation skills? Does he understand the needs of the people and actively lead on this premise of continually making the country a better place or is he a puppet acting out the agenda of his political party? From this standpoint, the United States government can be seen as the ultimate organization with the President as the CEO.Within this structure, is the foundation of leadership present or is the term just used to clean up past mistakes and create red-hot policies only to be changed by future leaders? In this respect, it can be difficult to separate the human from the leader while in public view. He will be analyzed from every angle. From an Organizational Behavior standpoint, it is only logical to believe how one conducts his personal life also reflects his business integrity. umpteen would argue because of President Clintons indiscretions that he was a poor leader.He lied and therefore, that changes the public view of him and the level of trust that can be instilled in him. This indiscretion calls his accountability into question or does it? In order to examine Clintons leadership ability and skills, one must have a handle on their own Emotional Intelligence and be able to separate his business practices from his moral decision of his personal life. There is a reason the business world leaves the personal life at the door there is a job to be done.Leon Panetta (2001) ref lects, Clinton is a paradox. He can be described as brilliant, dedicated, slick and insincere (p. ). Liberals claim he was passionate about the issues and succeeded in changing many policies concerning civil rights, education, the environment, medical moral philosophy and womens rights. Conservatives liked him because he was able to balance the federal budget, fight for free trade like NAFTA and create tough crime platforms. Still does addressing these issues make him an effective leader? Panetta (2001) explains, to get a better measure of the man and his presidency, it helps to look at him, both accomplishments and failures. Only then can we understand Bill Clinton, the leader (p. )Discussion, Application and Implications The issue of ethics raises another concern for Organizational Behavior and how one conducts themselves within the construct. communion can lead to misunderstanding but so does lack of action. Sometimes it is not evident that taking action could have changed th e outcome. What is important to an organization is that they follow through with every possibility. This is where employees pick up on non-verbal communications from management. If a leader appears not to be concerned, then more than likely the team members will not be either.Internal cues, both verbal and non-verbal are extremely important to not only success but just day-to-day functioning. First leadership must be put in place then a change of policy can be put into place. There must be consistent with the chain of command where both the product and the use of the product are concerned. Everyone must have the same perception of the organizations objective. By having a trusting, open door policy with people creates an halo of safety where communication can take place. Also another idea is to have a program of due diligence where people back each other up and support each other through periods of conflict.This will enable teams to have not just one chain but multiplex chains of c ommunications where information is double-checked and triple checked before put into use. This will ensure that any new issues or mistakes are found and addressed before they are put into real-world situations. This can also lead to teams thinking outside the box to create new innovative ideas to fix the problems. By building this type of culture, allows the organization to maintain a high level of integrity with the public but to also remain competitive within the market.The implications of doing business in todays world means constantly being broad-minded and remaining comfortable knowing that not every day is same. Some people cannot work in such conditions. As Stephen Robbins (2001) comments, As humans, we are creatures of habit. Changes substitute ambiguity and uncertainty for the known (p. 546). People, by human nature, inherently resist change. Management may find older employees are more loyal but have a harder time embracing new ideas like the Internet because they remembe r the old days. This subway system to change can result in conflict but it also creates opportunities for innovation.The practice of innovation also begins with embracing or adopting the unexpected. Peter Drucker (1998) describes, unexpected successes and failures are such productive sources of innovation opportunities because most business dismiss them, disregard them, and even resent them (p. 3) and this type of behavior represents peoples resistance to change but at the same time creates recognition of new opportunities within the market. Change in the global market, including multicultural demographics and new technologies, has required perceptions to change.The attitude toward knowledge has adoptd because more than one type is needed in order to implement a new idea. This changes the needs of workers and organizations as diffusion of innovation takes place as many different points of view are considered. This adds value as it spawns creative thinking but it must also fall wit hin economic reality. It is important to carry out a detailed implementation but also to remain on budget and schedule. The concept of innovation brings up other implications, however. It produces a whole new reality that employees may not be prepared to handle.Product diversification could mean failure. Technology, while it is wonderful and makes jobs easier, can also be dangerous. With telecommunications, a new breed of crime has been created with identity theft and corporate brand protection becoming important. Technology can be disastrous if put in the improper hands. Antibiotics used to cure infections have saved numerous lives while there is a continued nemesis of biological weapons of mass destruction. With innovations come new inventions that make our lives easier but also have a higher risk when used.This is the nature of the realm of possibility. This can backfire as it can also destroy and shoot the breeze new rules of conduct upon communities. As much as many like th e idea of innovation, for those scared of change, it is difficult o embrace fully. This means as change rapidly flourishes out of control, those resistant aim to gain control of laws and rules to make change more difficult. This leads to Big Brother watching every public live and return to conservative leadership. One can look to the events of recent months to see the value of Bill Clintons leadership.He has not retreated from the limelight but instead applied his passion and hope for people in his daily life of action by carrying on his role as a leader. Rather it be his participation in aiding Tsunami victims or right here at home, recent victims of Katrina, he continues his objective of parcel the people of the United States. This communicates to us that he cares. Panetta (2001) reflects. only in crisis is a president fully tried as to what part of his character will prevail (p. 6). He may have failed many times but he also used failure as a positive means to evolve as a bette r man and leader for todays people and their needs.His ability to reach the every day man still defines his leadership power. This paper explored key elements that build a foundation for leadership. Two main attributes discussed in this paper is the ability to effectively communicate and display emotional intelligence. This brings into focus other skills needed to manage the day to day conflict and corporate environment of todays changing business world. Not only is leadership a key to success and a reflection of the organizations cultural values but it is group of skills needed.This paper also discussed how leadership skills have implications and define the work environment for employees. It discussed how leaders must be mindful of change agents and possible outcomes due to innovation and new technologies available. In this respect, the workplace is constantly evolving and without leadership as a framework, the organization would be motivated or able to communicate and teams would dissolve. In order for an organization to carry on success, it must turn to role models in the community for inspiration.Rather these role models be present within the culture is important but inherently, people will look around them to leadership already within the framework. This means looking to American culture for such leadership models. It can be continuously debated rather or not the most important leader in the world is effective. This person falls under tremendous scrutiny and accountability. The President of the United States must lead by example and be active in their leadership but one aspect of leadership that must be understood is that people are human and they err in the human way, nor are they perfect.As a role model, this paper looked at organizational examples of effective leadership skills but also examined the leadership of Bill Clinton. It is important in leadership to embrace change and stick to a vision. By having Emotional Intelligence one can recogise the ph ysical and mental signs of our feelings/emotions before we can act on them meaningfully and constructively (Eby Ruin par. 20). It is by recognizing these attributes that one can build an effective team structure. A leader acts as a coach to not only reinforce the game plan with directions but also encourage creativity, new ideas and acquiring new skills.Foundations for Leadership include effective communication, motivation and team building. In order to better understand leadership, we must look for role models within the organization but also outside to society. The President of the United States can be considered the ultimate definition of leadership but can he live up to the standard? This allows an organization to build a value system where the foundations of leadership are prized and seen as tools for success. And in order to survive in the business world, leadership and its foundations must be valued by the organization.

The Buddha Image: A Foundation for Attachment

Madeline Brisbane Buddhism Course Assignment 11/16/11 The Buddha Image A female genital organ for Attachment According to Freedburg, the power of The Power of Images, a figure resembling human form enables the reconstitution of life and makes the heedless present and the dead alive (p. 11)1. An stove preserves the aura of the person it resembles, and therefore exclusivelyows for an eternal warmheartedness to remain later on death. Within the realm of Buddhism, tropes of the Buddha serve a wide variety of spiritual and interoperable purposes. For some, cargon a Buddha meet in their home is a sign of respect.Others find it comforting and placid to look at a Buddha image. In some parts of the world, specifically Southeast Asia, the Buddha image is a symbol of supernatural power and protection, and is essential to the efficacy of rituals. If a ritual fails to succeed in the absence seizure of a Buddha image, so there must be an interdependency in the midst of images and ri tualistic success. And if an interdependency exists, then the entire concept contradicts the Buddhas pedagogy of non-attachment because the ritual becomes attached to the bearing of a Buddha image.Through an analysis of he origins and growth of the use of Buddha images and relics in Southeast Asia, it would appear that an obsession with the social movement of a Buddha image has emerged, conflicting with Buddhas teaching about non-attachment. As the second Noble Truth states, attachment is the origin of suffering. Therefore, to foster an interdependency between images and ritualistic success would go against the most fundamental value of Buddhism.In post to maintain the most underlying ideals of Buddhism, the Buddha image must only serve as a reminder of the Buddhas presence rather than s a necessity component of practicing rituals effectively. To image the Buddha is not a modern concept the Buddha must bedevil always been imagined through stories, myths, and symbols. However, there are many legends surrounding the origins or the first Buddha image. The most relevant theory regarding the original Buddha image to Southeast Asia is the story of the sandalwood statue.The story appears in many Buddhist texts that emerged everywhere time throughout Asia. Most relevant to Southeast Asia is the Pali text from Sri Lanka recounted in the Kosala-Bimba-Vannana. In ummary, the story claims that after King Pasanedi of Kosala arrived to the Jetavana monastery to visit the Buddha only to find the Buddha away on a Journey, he leaves in disappointment. He returns later and tells the Buddha that to he would like to have an image made in the likeness of the Tathagata for the benefit of the whole world. 2 The Buddha then adds that those who build an image of the Buddha will accrue a great, immeasurable, incalculable benefit. 3 Upon visual perception the gilded, yellow- robed statue, with the Buddhas teaching inscribed into the statue, the Buddha xpands on the praiseworthy benefits ot making Buddha images . These benefits include avoiding rebirth into Buddhist hells cosmos reborn into wealthy families and tied(p)tually attaining enlightenment. Within the statue, the dharma and the Buddha image are cohesively conjoined. 4From this ancient tale, it is clear that the first Buddha image was built based on the kings desire to feel the presence of the Buddha even when he was not physically present. The need to feel the Buddhas presence has survived thousands of years, as many Buddhists still cherish the Buddha image as a reminder of his prevailing presence. Despite the non-theistic nature of early Buddhism, the dedication that followers of the path have to keeping Buddha images around illustrates that they worshipped and continue to worship the Buddha greatly.They cherish the notion of feeling the Buddhas presence at all times. The Theravada branch of Buddhism exemplifies the extent to which the Buddhas presence is valued by followers of the path. As The ravada ascended into Southeast Asia from Sri Lanka after the ordinal century B. C. E. , vernacular traditions ecame increasingly popular. In nature, Theravada Buddhism worships the historical model of the Buddha as a superhuman fit of miraculous deeds.Relics were therefore treasured as objects of magical power that allowed an actual physical connection to the Buddha because they were all part of the Buddhas body or came into physical contact with it. 5 Because it became impossible to exist in the presence of the Buddha in his physical form after his death, inserting a relic into an image became a way to retrieve the physical presence of the Buddha. In doing so, he image would supposedly provide protection against evil forces. However, when the Buddha image is revered for its supernatural protective strength, the Buddha image becomes a controversial concept.It seems that the more recent traditions of magical candidate and anticipation associated with Buddha images and relics has caused a shift away from the historical emphasis on the original monastic estimate of high moral responsibility and spiritual practice. Instead of following ones own karmic duties of doing good in order to receive good or trusting ones own ability to practice ituals successfully the old-fashioned way, the presence of the Buddha image during ritual has turned into a necessity for many Buddhists.If the presence of a Buddha image is necessary for rituals to work properly, then there has to an interdependency between the Buddha image and ritualistic success. Western scholar Donald Swearer, author of Becoming the Buddha, argues that the Buddha must be present for the ritual to be efficacious for the dhamma to flourish, and for the sangha to prosper. Moreover, scholar David Eckel makes the point that pot experience mental nguish when they cannot see the Buddha. 6 Wouldnt the creation of images therefore foster an attachment between military personnel and objects?This correlation betw een the Buddha image and the strong point of rituals, the dharma, and the sangha makes the Buddha image a very powerful entity. There is even an association between kings and material symbols of the Buddha, particularly relics and images. There is a Thai custom of swearing loyalty to the king in front of the Emerald Buddha image the Buddha image can therefore be seen as a symbol of power and not Just a representation of the Buddha. Furthermore, the Buddha image is presently interpreted as a sign of respect and a way for devotees to make merit the Buddhas field of merit is in effect(predicate) hrough his continued post-Nibbana presence in his relics and images. 7 It Buddha images currently tunction as a means to validate the effectiveness of rituals and to make merit, then there is an undeniable interdependency between the Buddha image and the success of rituals as an sort of religious devotion, and therefore an attachment between the two. Due to the fact that non-attachment is o ne of the most fundamental values established ithin Buddhism, to classify the Buddha image as a necessity would be to diverge from Buddhism altogether.In simpler terms, to be leechlike on the Buddha image is to form an attachment with it, and to form an attachment is to defy the basic ideals of Buddhism. Thus, the evolution of the Buddha image as a means of preserving the Buddhas presence into an entity that is necessary for the proper execution of rituals and spiritual success, then we can no longer categorize this concept as an appropriate element of Buddhism. The Four Noble truths are the essence of the Buddhist path, and to defy them is to defy Buddhism altogether.

Schools Should Teach Creationism Research Paper

Schools Should Teach Creationism - query Paper ExampleEvolution conjecture has had its criticism over time. In 1920s, evolution garnered immense populace support but still it stayed out of the school curriculum. A supporter of the creation learning bought up a new see in the 1980s that schools should discover creationism as a substitute of evolution. This debate is the source of all public debates in recent times concerning the same issue. Despite the arguments, public schools should teach creationism alongside the evolution theory. The students deserve to know the cardinal theories of origin and make a choice, which suits them in consistency to the available data. According to Supreme Court ruling, educators in schools should teach choice theories to the evolution theory. Creation science, in essence is an alternative to the evolution theory. Although the creation science has several forms, the intelligent design theory set forth by some creationists, qualifies the standard s of a theory price teaching. This is the most authentic theory of the modern creationists and lays its theme on scientific exhibit. Contrary to the arguments of many people, this theory does not emphasize its religious basis. Therefore, teaching it in class will not be placing a bias on religions. Education in the current times should be as inclusive as possible. In most of the public classes, there ar students from all lifestyles. These children deserve an open-minded educator who presents both sides of the story. The students should get insights to both the evolution and creation science theories and the data available concerning the two. The educator should remain impartial and should serve the purpose of informing the students. Their students should choose freely which of the two theories they could adopt. Critics argue that the creation science theory has no scientific evidence. Due to its lack of this decisive scientific evidence, they argue that it does not qualify prese ntation in a science class. The Young earth theory may lack scientific evidence but the intelligent design theory deserves a fairer consideration. In both cases however, both creation theories are alternatives to the Darwinian Theory. As the supreme law asserts, they deserve to appear in the curriculum. The failure to teach creationism in a science class as an alternative to the evolution will deny students the opportunity to reason. The creation science may lack the scientific evidence as all critics claim (Flank, 2007). Its representation in class will not try to farm itself right as a scientific theory. Teaching of creationism should make students realize the difference between a scientific theory and creation theory. Scientists may never accept to take the creation science theory as a hypothesis worth their debate but that should not discredit it from appearing in the curriculum (Flank, 2007). After all, it serves to explain the origin of the earth and life. Teaching creationi sm in class does not centre a student to adopt its views. On the contrary, the student will understand the difference between the two theories. Critics argue that the creation science theory deserves teaching only in a religious class. However, they should not forget its relevance in science class. The fact that it explains the origin of life makes it a subject worth tackling alongside other theories. As the educator tackles evolution, he or she should touch on creationism